Evolution of the cosmic horizons in a closed & static universe (ȧ=ä=0)

Proper (r) & comoving (R) distances, Plotrange: r|R|t|η=[0…70]&[0…800]

H0=67.15, Ωr=0.3, Ωm=1.1, ΩΛ=0.00732258785 → a_max=4.3340709 @ t=440.1

When ȧ=ä=0 is met, the universe gets to an unstable static equilibrium

Gray dashed curves: worldlines of objects comoving with the Hubbleflow

+: closed (Ωr=2), matter (Ωr=1), radiation (Ωr=1) & mixed (Ωr+Ωm+ΩΛ=1)

   r(t)

↑ r(t) / ↓ R(t)

   R(t)

↑ R(t) / ↓ R(η)

   R(η)

↑ a=1 / ↓ ȧ=ä=H=Ḣ=0

   r(t)

↑ r(t) / ↓ R(t)

   R(t)

↑ R(t) / ↓ R(η)

   R(η)

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